日本未熟児新生児学会雑誌 22(1):104-110;2010 印刷する
日本未熟児新生児学会雑誌 第22巻 第1号 104~110頁(2010年)
受付日:平成21.03.10
受理日:平成21.11.26
新生児TSS様発疹症後の壊死性気管炎による気管食道瘻,気管気管支軟化症の1例
A Case Report of Necrotizing Tracheobronchitis,Tracheoesophageal Fistula and Tracheomalacia Following Neonatal Toxic Shock Syndrome-like Exanthematous Disease(NTED)
*1日本赤十字社医療センター 新生児科,*2現・独立行政法人国立病院機構 三重中央医療センター 小児科
*1 Department of Neonatal Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center,*2 Department of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization Mie Chuo Medical Center
山本和歌子*1*2・与田仁志*1・中島やよひ*1・遠藤大一*1・松村好克*1・佐藤雅彦*1・川上 義*1
Wakako YAMAMOTO*1*2,Hitoshi YODA*1,Yayohi NAKAJIMA*1,Daiichi ENDO*1,Yoshikatsu MATSUMURA*1,Masahiko SATO*1,Tadashi KAWAKAMI*1
Key Words:neonate,necrotizing tracheobronchitis(NTB),methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA),neonatal toxic shock syndrome-like exanthematous disease(NTED),tracheoesophageal fistula(TEF)
 症例は在胎34週1日,出生体重2,726g,アプガースコア7(1分値)/8(5分値)で出生。生後人工呼吸管理開始。日齢2の鼻腔培養でMRSA陽性となり,間欠的に気管内から血性分泌物を認めた。日齢3より発熱,全身の紅斑,血小板減少みられ,NTEDと診断した。日齢5より遊走性の無気肺を繰り返し,以後も抜管困難で,気管支内視鏡,食道造影,胸部3D-CT,食道内視鏡を施行。気管壁は全体的に蒼白,易出血性で表面凹凸不整であり,血性粘稠な壊死組織による気道内腔の閉塞所見および気管中部に直径8mm,辺縁整の気管食道瘻を認めた。日齢23からは鎮静下に呼吸管理したが,突然の換気困難を繰り返し,再度胸部3D-CT施行し気管中部の気管食道瘻に加え,気管下部の狭窄,気管気管支軟化症を認めた。以後も呼吸不全を繰り返し,気管切開を含めた多段階手術の予定としていたところ,日齢201敗血症を契機に換気不全,多臓器不全となり,日齢247永眠した。剖検にて気管入口部から3cm下方に直径1.2cmの瘻孔を認めた。
 We report a case of necrotizing tracheobronchitis(NTB).The patient was a 2,726g male infant with respiratory distress syndrome, who was delivered at 34 weeks and 1 day gestation. At a few hours of age, endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation were performed. At 2 days of age, he became an MRSA carrier. Neonatal Toxic Shock Syndrome-like Exanthematous Disease(NTED) developed at 3 days of age.
 From 5 days of age, chest radiographs showed recurrent atelectatic areas in various bilateral lung fields. Bronchoscopy and esophagoscopy and 3D-CT revealed Tracheoesophageal Fistula(TEF)spreading 8mm in length in the midtrachea.
 At 247 days of age, the infant died with respiratory insufficiency. At autopsy, necrotic lesions were found in the carina and bilateral mainstem bronchi in addition to the trachea, with Tracheoesophageal Fistula and Tracheostenosis.
 Bronchoscope was used as an essential diagnostic tool for treatment of NTB, and 3D-CT may play an important role in understanding the whole view. However, there is no specific evidence on the treatment of NTB infants. Further study is needed to establish the treatment therapy for NTB patient.
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