対象・方法：1989年7月から2009年6月までの20年間に，施設外で出生し当院に搬送された63例（遺棄児を含む）を対象とした。
結果：出生体重は2,500g未満が41％と半数近くに上った。1,000g未満は7名もあった。分娩場所は自宅，車中が多かった。合併症は低体温が最も多く，重症感染症は敗血症と肺炎の4例のみであった。死亡例7例はいずれも1,500g未満の症例であった。神経学的後遺症は2例であった。育児放棄は9例であった。また施設外分娩児の母親の55.5％が未受診で，未婚例も33.3％と高率であった。施設外分娩・未受診・育児放棄には重複が多くみられた。
考察：未受診は施設外分娩および育児放棄となるリスクが高い。妊娠についての教育，福祉行政の関与，および入院後の母児愛着形成の援助が重要であると考えられた。
Subject and Method：A total of 63 infants（including abandoned babies）who were delivered at out-of-hospital and admitted to our hospital from July 1989 to June 2009 were analyzed.
Results：Fourty-one% of them had the birth weight less than 2,500g. Among them, 7 were less than 1,000g. The majority of the place for delivery was at home or in car. The complication mostly found was hypothermia, and the severe infections were only 4 cases of pneumonia and the sepsis. The infants died in 7 cases. In all the cases, they were premature with their birth weight under 1,500g. In 1 case, the infant had neurological sequel. The abandonment was seen in 9 cases. In 55.5% of the total out-of-hospital deliveries, the mothers were not received adequate prenatal care, and in 33.3%, the mothers were unmarried. The three cases, out-of-hospital delivery, woman who did not receive adequate prenatal care, and abandonment, were often overlapped.
Discussion：Non-medical examined pregnant is in a high risk of becoming “out-of-hospital deliveries” and/or “abandonment”. The education related to pregnancy, the support of participation of the welfare policy, and the formation of the mother-child attachment after the hospitalization are important to avoid these risks.
