日本未熟児新生児学会雑誌 24(1):61-65;2012 印刷する
日本未熟児新生児学会雑誌 第24巻第1号 61~65頁(2012年)
受付日:平成23.03.08
受理日:平成23.05.24
新生児に対する中心静脈カテーテルの使用と合併症:鳥取大学医学部附属病院新生児センターでの検討
Complications Associated with the Use of Central Venous Catheter in Neonates
鳥取大学 医学部 周産期・小児医学
Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine
松下博亮・宮原史子・美野陽一・中川ふみ・堂本友恒・三浦真澄・船田裕昭・長田郁夫・神﨑 晋
Hiroaki MATSUSHITA,Fumiko MIYAHARA,Yoichi MINO,Fumi NAKAGAWA,Tomotsune DOMOTO,Mazumi MIURA,Hiroaki FUNATA,Ikuo NAGATA,Susumu KANZAKI
Key Words:peripherally inserted central venous catheter,complications,neonates
 2007 年1月から2年間に,当科に入院した新生児501例のうち,中心静脈カテーテル(CVC)を使用した138例の使用状況と合併症を診療録より後方視的に検討した。CVCには経皮的中心静脈カテーテル(PICC),臍静脈カテーテル(UVC),皮下トンネルを介する中心静脈カテーテル(STCC)を使用した。内訳はPICC:112 例(189 本),UVC:25 例(25 本),STCC:4 例(8 本)であった(重複あり)。在胎週数別では,32 週以下:100%,33 週から36 週:28.5%,37 週以上:9.3%に使用され,出生体重別では1,500g未満:97.9%,1,500g以上2,500g未満:37.0%,2,500g以上:6.6%であった。主な合併症は迷入:6.4%,カテーテル関連血流感染症:2.1%,抜去困難:1.0%,胸水:1.0%,腹水:0.5%であった。CVCはその利点と合併症を考慮し,合併症の早期診断・早期対応に留意すべきである。
 We evaluated the employments and complications of central venous catheter(CVC)in newborn infants. In our NICU, CVCs were placed in 138 of 501 infants during the study period(2007 〜2008).We employed three types of CVC; peripherally inserted central venous catheter(PICC),umbilical venous catheter(UVC),and subcutaneous tunneled central venous catheter(STCC).PICC, UVC and STCC were used in 112, 25, and 4 infants, respectively. With regard to gestational age, CVCs were used for 44 of 44(100%)infants born before 32 weeks, 37 of 130(28.5%)infants born between 33 and 36 weeks, and 30 of 324(9.3%)infants born after 37 weeks. As for birth weight, the frequency of CVC use was 97.9% in infants weighing less than 1,500g, 37.0% in those weighing between 1,500 and 2,499g, and 6.6% in those weighing more than 2,500g. Complications of CVC were observed in 11.8% of treated neonates;aberration(6.4%), catheter-related bloodstream infection(2.1%),pleural effusion(1.0%),ascites(0.5%),difficulty in removal of catheter(1.0%), etc. Before treating infants using a CVC, it is necessary to consider the merits and demerits of central venous catheter placement. Early diagnosis and management of complications is required essential for CVC in neonates.
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