日本新生児成育医学会雑誌 32(1):109-116;2020 印刷する
日本新生児成育医学会雑誌 第32巻 第1号 109 ~ 116頁(2020年)
受付日:2018.12.03
受理日:2019.06.11
免疫抑制療法により救命したと考えられるエコーウイルス11 型による血球貪食性リンパ組織球症の1 新生児例
A Case of ECHO Virus Type 11 Associated Hemophagocytic Syndrome in a Neonate Treated Successfully with Immunosuppressive Therapy
名古屋第一赤十字病院 小児科
Department of Neonatology, Japanese Red Cross Nagoya Daiichi Hospital
奥村俊彦・神澤孝洋・伊野 学・濵崎咲也子・田中龍一・立花貴史・中山 淳・安田彩子・鬼頭 修・大城 誠
Toshihiko OKUMURA,Takahiro KANZAWA,Manabu INO,Sayako HAMAZAKI,Ryuichi TANAKA,Takashi TACHIBANA,Atsushi NAKAYAMA,Ayako YASUDA,Osamu KITO,Makoto OSHIRO
Key Words:hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis,virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome,ECHO virus,immunosuppressive therapy
エコーウイルス11 型による血球貪食性リンパ組織球症(HLH),すなわちウイルス関連血球貪食症候群(VAHS) の新生児例を報告する。在胎38 週0 日,体重2,726g,Apgar スコア9 点(1 分)/10 点(5 分)の女児。日齢4 に 発熱を認め,血小板減少,肝機能障害,貧血,凝固系の異常を認めた。HLH-2004 プロトコールに沿ってdexamethasone, cyclosporine A,etoposide による治療を行った。cyclosporine A はプロトコール通り3mg/kg/ 日静注から 開始したが,血中濃度が高くなったため減量し,最終的には2 ~ 3mg/kg/ 日経口で有効範囲を維持した。経過中に は,肺出血や急性心不全を発症し,対応に苦慮したが,HLH の症状は改善した。退院後,生後6 か月に左眼にエコ ーウイルス11 型によるぶどう膜炎・白内障を発症し,手術を要した。本症例は免疫抑制療法により救命できた可能 性があるが,経過中の合併症もその関与が十分に考えられる。新生児期発症のVAHS に対する免疫抑制療法の有用 性や安全性については不明な点が多く,症例の蓄積・検討を要する。
Virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome( VAHS) is a type of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis(HLH)caused by a viral infection. Neonatal VAHS is rare, and leads to a poor prognosis. We report a case of VAHS caused by ECHO virus type 11 in the neonatal period. Our patient was a female infant born at 38 weeks of gestation with a birth weight of 2,726g. Her Apgar scores were 9( 1 minute) and 10( 5 minutes). She developed a fever 4 days after birth. Laboratory investigations showed thrombocytopenia, increased liver enzymes, anemia, and blood clotting defects. Her condition did not improve after prednisolone and immunoglobulin administration. Dexamethasone, cyclosporine, and etoposide were administered based on the treatment protocol for HLH-2004. Cyclosporine was initially administered intravenously at a dose of 1.5mg/kg twice daily based on the protocol, but accumulated to higher blood concentration. Oral cyclosporine at a dose of 1-1.5mg/kg twice daily maintained recommended blood level finally. She responded well to treatment but developed complications during therapy, such as pulmonary hemorrhage and acute cardiac failure, which could have been fatal. Her condition improved, and she was discharged at 100 days after birth. She then developed uveitis and cataract caused by ECHO virus type 11 on the left eye 6 months after birth. We surmise that she was saved with immunosuppressive therapy. However, immunosuppressive therapy may have caused pulmonary hemorrhage and heart failure. The usefulness and safety of immunosuppressive therapy for neonatal VAHS are still unclear. Standardized treatment protocols for neonatal VAHS are required in the future.
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