日本新生児成育医学会雑誌　第32巻　第2号　156 ～ 161頁（2020年）

日本新生児成育医学会雑誌　32(2)：394-399；2020　

受付日：2019．09．13

受理日：2020．03．31

群馬県内における母乳育児の地域差に関する検討

Differences in Breastfeeding Rates among Municipalities in Gunma Prefecture, Japan

群馬県立小児医療センター　新生児科

Department of Neonatology, Gunma Children’s Medical Center

丸山憲一

Kenichi MARUYAMA

Key Words：breastfeeding，Gunma Prefecture，infant，municipality，regional difference

目的：群馬県内の母乳育児の地域差を検討するために，県内市部の母乳育児のデータを解析した。
方法：群馬県発行の「母子保健事業報告」をもとに，2009 年度～ 2016 年度の年度ごとの群馬県内12 市の市別の生後3 ～ 4 か月時の母乳栄養の児の割合（母乳栄養率）と，母乳栄養と混合栄養をあわせた児の割合（母乳投与率）を検討した。
結果：市別の8 年間の年度ごとの母乳栄養率，母乳投与率の中央値はそれぞれ46.5％～ 63.55％，73.7％～ 89.5％で， 2010 年度，2012 年度，2014 年度，2016 年度に関する重回帰分析で母乳栄養率は8 年間の中央値が最高の市に比べ下位5 市で有意に低く，母親35 歳以上の出生数の割合と負の相関，出生数当たりの産婦人科医数と正の相関を認めた。母乳投与率は8 年間の中央値が最高の市に比べ下位7 市中5 市で有意に低かった。
結論：母乳育児には地域差があり，地域特性と関連することが示唆された。

In this study, differences in the breastfeeding rates for infants aged 3-4 months among the 12 municipalities in Gunma Prefecture, Japan, were assessed based on review of the annual reports of maternal and child health published by the Gunma Prefectural Government between April 2009 and March 2017. The median annual rates of exclusive breastfeeding per municipality over the 8-year study period ranged from 46.5％ to 63.55％, and the rates of any level of breastfeeding ranged from 73.7％ to 89.5％. A multiple regression analysis of the demographic data for years 2010, 2012, 2014, and 2016 showed that the annual rates of exclusive breastfeeding were significantly lower in the five municipalities with the lowest rates than in the municipality with the highest rate over the 8-year study period, and show a significant negative correlation with the proportion of mothers aged ≥ 35 years at delivery and a significant positive correlation with the number of obstetrician-gynecologists per 1,000 live births. The rate of any level of breastfeeding was significantly lower in five of the seven municipalities with the lowest rates than in the municipality with the highest rate over the 8-year study period. In conclusion, the breastfeeding rate differed among municipalities in Gunma Prefecture and was related to regional differences in the mother’s age at delivery and number of obstetrician-gynecologists.